Historical country performance

Cumulative publications

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<p>This graph shows the cumulative sum of the highly cited papers (or percentage), and is a measure of the accumulated scientific knowledge for different countries over the period (2003-2023). Given the exponential increase in global research output, recent years have a higher weighting in the cumulative sum for the NUMBER view than in the PERCENTAGE % view, where each publication year has equal weighting which compensates for the lower publication rates in earlier years.</p>
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What is cumulative publications?

NATO

United States

China

European Union

Quad Countries

AUKUS

Russia

Australia

Five Eyes (FVEY)

Japan

India

United Kingdom

New Zealand

Canada

Afghanistan

Albania

Algeria

Andorra

Angola

Anguilla

Antigua & Barbuda

Argentina

Armenia

Aruba

Austria

Azerbaijan

Bahamas

Bahrain

Bangladesh

Barbados

Belarus

Belgium

Belize

Benin

Bermuda

Bhutan

Bolivia

Bosnia & Herzegovina

Botswana

Brazil

British Virgin Islands

Brunei

Bulgaria

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cambodia

Cameroon

Cape Verde

Cayman Islands

Central African Republic

Chad

Chile

Colombia

Comoros

Congo – Brazzaville

Congo – Kinshasa

Cook Islands

Costa Rica

Côte d’Ivoire

Croatia

Cuba

Curaçao

Cyprus

Czechia

Denmark

Djibouti

Dominica

Dominican Republic

Ecuador

Egypt

El Salvador

Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea

Estonia

Eswatini

Ethiopia

Falkland Islands

Faroe Islands

Fiji

Finland

France

French Guiana

Gabon

Gambia

Georgia

Germany

Ghana

Gibraltar

Greece

Greenland

Grenada

Guatemala

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Guyana

Haiti

Honduras

Hungary

Iceland

Indonesia